Nutrient reserve and organ dynamics of breeding cinnamon teal

Article Abstract:

Breeding Cinnamon Teal in Arizona rely mainly on dietary nutrient sources available at the breeding ground to meet the nutrient requirements for clutch formation. Lipid reserves consumed by laying females during clutch formation and protein reserves that may be consumed by both sexes to fulfill the energetic requirements after clutch production are acquired after arrival at the breeding ground. The flexibility of food habit amongst teals helps them to acquire the requisite nutrition under diverse food conditions during egg formation.

Analysis, Nutrition, Ducks, Poultry breeding, Digestive organs, Digestive system, Nutritional requirements

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Breeding ecology and behavior of the Hawaiian hawk

Article Abstract:

The ecology and behavior of the endangered Hawaiian Hawk on the largest island were examined for three breeding seasons. Twenty-eight nests were observed in various native and exotic habitats. Incubation required 38 days, nestlings fledged after 59-63 days and parents took care of their fledglings for about 30 weeks which is 2.5 to 10 fold longer than similar-size temperature zone birds of prey. Avian malaria, the presence of predators and environmental contaminants had no bearing on their population.

Environmental aspects, Natural history, Endangered species, Hawks, Hawaii, Breeding, Animal reproduction

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Scarcity of haematozoa in birds breeding on the Arctic tundra of North America

Article Abstract:

Birds were captured and blood samples were collected. Haematozoas are absent in bird species nesting on the open tundra. The scarcity of suitable vectors and their relative scarcity in different microhabitats account for the absence of blood parasites both within and among species. Further studies may account for some of the apparent correlations between plumage brightness and haematozoa infestations.

Research, Diseases, Blood, Parasites, Tundra ecology

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