Population structure and physiological changes within a hot spring microbial mat community following disturbance

Article Abstract:

The effect of disturbance on a hot spring cyanobacterial mat community was examined by physically eliminating the top 3.0 mm which included the entire cyanobacterial layer. A number of formerly absent cyanobacterial populations colonized the disturbed regions while some populations which were previously there remained absent for up to 40 days. Findings revealed significant differences between the disturbed and undisturbed mats, including an unexplained light-induced oxygen consumption in the freshly exposed mat, enhanced carbon partitioning by phototrophs into growth-related macromolecules, bimodal vertical photosynthesis profiles and delayed recovery of respiration relative to photosynthesis.

Cyanobacteria, Microbial mats

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Substrate degradation kinetics, microbial diversity, and current efficiency of microbial fuel cells supplied with marine plankton

Article Abstract:

The decomposition of marine plankton in two-chamber, seawater-filled microbial fuel cells (MFCs) is examined and is related to resulting chemical changes, electrode potentials, current efficiencies and microbial diversity. The results have shown that higher current efficiencies are achieved by optimizing plankton-fed MFCs for direct electron transfer from organic matter to electrodes, which has included the microbial precolonization of high-surface-area electrodes and pulsed flowthrough additions of biomass.

Electrical conductivity, Marine plankton

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Algal species and light microenvironment in a low-pH, geothermal microbial mat community

Article Abstract:

PCR amplification and 18S rRNA gene sequencing is used to identify thermoacidophilic red algae and Chlorella-like algae that predominate in the mat. Three algal 18S rRNA gene phylotypes designated types I, II, and III are repeatedly detected among clones from PCR-generated libraries of mat samples and sequence variation within each phytotype is less than 1 percent.

Genetic aspects, Ribosomal RNA, Chlorella, Chemical properties, Red algae, Geothermal engineering

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