Quantitative detection of hepatitis A virus and enteroviruses near the United States-Mexico border and correlation with levels of fecal indicator bacteria

Article Abstract:

Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR is used to measure the levels of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and enteroviruses in coastal waters near the US-Mexico border and they are compared to those of the conventional fecal indicators, Escherichia coli and enterococci. The regression analysis has shown a remarkable correlation between the densities of both fecal bacterial indicators and the levels of HAV and enterovirus, which has supported the use of conventional bacterial indicators to predict the levels of these viruses in recreational marine waters.

United States, Mexico, Hepatitis A virus, Hepatovirus, Feces

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Differential transfer and dissemination of hypovirus and nuclear and mitochondrial genomes of a hypovirus-infected Cryphonectria parasitica strain after introduction into a natural population

Article Abstract:

The persistence and dissemination of the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and the hypovirus in hypovirus-infected Cryphonectria parasitica, introduced into a population of chestnut trees affected by chestnut blight, show that after two years the hypovirus disseminated to 36% of the untreated cankers and to 35% of the new cankers. Furthermore, simultaneous transfer of both the hypovirus and mitochondrial DNA is detected in about one-half of the treated cankers.

Switzerland, Causes of, Communicable diseases, Virus diseases, Disease transmission, Pests, Biological control, Mitochondrial DNA, Chestnut blight

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Bacterial life and dinitrogen fixation at a gypsum rock

Article Abstract:

The organisms of a bluish-green layer beneath the shards of a gypsum rock are characterized by molecular techniques. Phylogenetic analysis of nitrogenase reductase gene (nifH) suggests that molybdenum nitrogenase 2 is characteristic of those unicellular or filamentous, nonheterocystous cyanobacteria fixing N2 under microaerobic conditions.

Gypsum, Bacteria, Rocks

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