Tumor suppressor p53 is a direct transcriptional activator of the human bax gene

Article Abstract:

Molecular cloning and partial DNA sequencing of the human bax gene reveals the presence of four motifs that are homologous to tumor suppressor p53-binding sites in the promoter region. Cotransfection with wild-type p53 protein-encoding plasmid DNA reveals strong bax gene promoter transactivation. A 39-bp region of the bax gene promoter houses the p53 binding site consensus sequences, and wild-type p53 transactivates reporter gene constructs that have the 39-bp region. The p53-responsiveness of reporter gene plasmids is eliminated by mutations in the consensus p53-binding site sequences.

Analysis, Genetic regulation, Promoters (Genetics), Genetic transcription, Transcription (Genetics), Tumor suppressor genes

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Bcl-2 targets the protein kinase Raf-1 to mitochondria

Article Abstract:

Bcl-2 has the ability to target the protein kinase Raf-1 to mitochondrial membranes, enabling it to phosphorylate BAD or potentially other protein substrates involved in apoptosis regulation. Using a green fluorescent protein-Raf-1 fusion protein, cells were shielded from apoptosis, resulting in phosphorylation of BAD, a proapoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family. On the other hand, plasma membrane-targeted Raf-1 did not protect cells from apoptosis and resulted in phosphorylation of ERK-1 and ERK-2.

Cell death, Protein kinases, Mitochondrial membranes, Mitochondrial membrane

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