Expert systems for management accountants

Article Abstract:

Expert systems, through the human reasoning and decision making processes incorporated into computer programs used by them, are able to act as computerized consultants due to their ability to form conclusions based on incomplete quantitative or qualitative data. Management accountants, as indicated in National Association of Accountants Statement 1B, should be familiar with modern methods of information processing, control and usage, including expert systems. Expert systems will be used in training management accountants and, as the information stored by them will be that which an expert would use, training quality should improve. At the present time, despite decreasing costs, expert systems are still too expensive for most organizations. In addition, expert systems cannot recognize a situation for which they have not been programmed.and give incorrect answers; and beha vioral variables must be incorporated into business sys tems. In the future, exp ert systems may be used to make t he preparation of externa l financial statements easier a nd to supplement in-house training programs. 10

Usage, Innovations, Accounting, Technology application, Artificial intelligence, Expert systems

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Strategic planning at five world-class companies

Article Abstract:

Executives at five world-class companies were interviewed about their organization's strategic planning. These companies are Johnson Controls Inc., Coors Brewing Co., Schering-Plough Corp., Xerox Corp. and 3M Co. According to the participants, the four main elements of their strategic planning are future-orientedness; an analysis of their strengths and weaknesses; examination of competitors, customers and markets; and analysis of general, flexible, external issues. The respondents also answered that accountants, along with the marketing and operations personnel, play a major role in the strategic planning process. They have a say in the decision-making process, are considered members of the business team and play strategic, control and required roles. Nevertheless, limited accounting information is used in the strategic planning process.

Photographic equipment and supplies, Photocopy Equipment, Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing, Beer & Other Malt Beverages, Breweries, Toilet Preparation Manufacturing, Malt beverages, Toilet preparations, Suntan & Sunscreen Lotions, Research, Planning, Office equipment and supplies industry, Office equipment industry, 3M Co., Xerox Corp., MMM, XRX, Brewing industry, Toiletries industry, Johnson Controls Inc., JCI, Sunscreening agents, Schering-Plough Corp., SGP, Adolph Coors Co.

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In defense of management accounting

Article Abstract:

Criticisms have been leveled recently at the discipline of management accounting: that the domain of management accounting is restrictively defined by the National Association of Accountants (NAA), and that management accounting is governed by an external reporting mentality. The rules of the Management Accounting Practices Committee of the NAA are examined to refute the claim that NAA rules are overly restrictive. Results of a mail questionnaire survey sent to CFO's of Fortune 500 companies are used to refute claims that management accountants overemphasize external reporting.

Standards, Management, Study and teaching, National Association of Accountants

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