Botanicals - Increasing Potential for Pharmaceutical Applications

Article Abstract:

Medicinal plant international business grew two hundred million dollars from 1976 to 1980, to a total of five hundred and fifty million dollars. Import demand has expanded even though synthetic substitutes have taken some of the botanicals market away. Many less developed countries have strong positions in this market. In consideration of their positive climates, arable land and cheap labor suppy, further export growth is anticipated for these nations. Sales efficiency is dependent upon solid techniques of market research, and the location of commercially viable area in both industrialized and developing nations. High quality products must meet a host of specialized demands and import regulations.

Health aspects, Agriculture, Industrial locations, Industrial location

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Providing drugs to the Third World: an industry view

Article Abstract:

Attacks on the pharmaceutical industry for exploiting Third World countries through overpricing and sales of "non-essential drugs" are not supported by empirical data. Essential drugs are made available to Third World nations and these drugs have proven successful in treating most of the diseases in the Third World that can be treated by drugs. Many of the ailments are caused by such factors as malnutrition which cannot be treated medically. In addition, the drug industry has developed its own code of international marketing ethics which combined with development of better health policies on the part of third world nations can assist greatly in improving the overall health of these countries.

Plastics materials and resins

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Government policies and the international pharmaceutical industry in the mid 1980s

Article Abstract:

The criticism of pharmaceutical manufacturers relations with Third world countries has changed from their use of transfer pricing policies in the 1960s to what is perceived as being outright exploitation of Third world nations in the 1980s. In response to this new criticism national governments and the United Nations have developed policies to deal with this problem. The manufacturers are also responding in terms of providing some price relief to Third world nations. Whether these efforts will improve the perception of the pharmaceutical companies in the Third world remains to be seen.

Developing countries

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