Following the leaders

Article Abstract:

French, German and British managers feel differently about being observed by academics while they work. While British managers welcome observation exercises, such activities tend to cause discomfort among the more reserved French and German executives. This difference in attitude may be explained by their culturally different approaches to management. For instance, British managers are often selected for their character and interpersonnal skills, while French executives are chosen for their educational qualifications and the Germans for their knowledge and expertise. British executives also see management as something objective and definable, a view not shared in France and in Germany. In addition, the British are more tolerant of uncertainty while the Germans and the French like reliability.

Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, British, Germans, French, French (European people)

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How Parker Pen is writing its way out of the red ink

Article Abstract:

James Peterson, president and CEO of Parker Pen Co., was named to head the company in 1982, just after the two best earnings years in its 100-year history and just before its financial performance declined in 1983, with the company recording a $2.5 million loss and a $2.3 million write-off in the first quarter with Peterson at the helm. While the strong dollar kept revenues low for some time after that, a restructuring of its product lines and a complete reorganization helped Parker Pen return to profitability the following year. Peterson's implementation of cost-cutting moves and the entry of the company into the disposable-pen market are described.

Analysis, Finance, Business planning, Corporations, Corporate finance, Pens, Peterson, James, Parker Pen USA

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The vital elements of world-class manufacturing

Article Abstract:

World-class manufacturing (WCM) is a manufacturing concept based on greater, faster, and stronger manufacturing capabilities which usually incorporate Japanese methods. The phrase represents the breadth and the crux of the basic changes which are happening in big industrial corporations. A wide range of elements for manufacturing are involved: quality control, labor relations, staff support, training, product design, plant organization, transportation, handling, inventory management, scheduling, equipment purchasing and maintenance, accounting, and automation, among other facets. These elements of world-class manufacturing are discussed in detail.

Manufacturing industry, Manufacturing industries, Product information, Foreign corporations

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