Toyota: a case study of inward investment in the UK

Article Abstract:

Japanese car manufacturer Toyota was attracted to the UK by low labour costs, a flexible labour force, local and national incentives and the UK's proximity to the European market. It has now established a strong presence in the UK, and in 1996 produced 117,000 cars at its plant in Burnaston, England. It has shown a strong commitment to continuous improvement, and this has involved all its employees, who have been trained to be multi-skilled. It has emphasised that its planned investment in a new assembly plant will go ahead, even if the UK opts out of the single European currency.

Foreign operations, Foreign investments, Automobile industry, Toyota Motor Corp.

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The coal industry

Article Abstract:

United Kingdom coal output dropped between 1990 and 1996, as did demand for coal due to an increase in usage of alternative fuels, and a drop in demand from industries like steel that have been heavy users of coal. Coal is likely to account for 33% of electricity generated in the European Union in 2000, and 20% in the UK. UK coal output is unlikely to return to levels seen in the 1970s and 1980s, and there was a need to reduce overcapacity in the 1970s. The trend toward a drop in usage of coal in the UK does, however, run counter to the aim of a diverse energy policy.

Energy policy, Coal industry

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