Japanese investment in Scotland

Article Abstract:

Japanese companies are beginning to practice foreign direct investment instead of exporting completed products to the United Kingdom (UK). The three commonly used forms to accomplish this are: building a new plant, entering a joint venture with a local manufacturer, or taking over a local producer. Japanese firms currently employ about 1,000 workers in Scotland. Labor relations at these plants are good because the workers participate in decision making. Some of the Japanese companies have assisted British component manufacturers to improve the quality of their products, so that the British firms can become suppliers to Japanese manufacturers.

Foreign investments, Japan, Labor relations

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The steel industry in Scotland

Article Abstract:

Recently privatized British Steel dominates the production of steel in the UK, enjoying a 60% share of UK production. British Steel's proposed closure of its Ravenscraig plant will have a negative effect on the economy of Scotland. It is unusual that Ravenscraig should be closed since it is the most efficient plant in the British Steel Group and in Europe, turning out a ton of steel in 2.33 manhours as compared to 4.7 manhours for the group as a whole. The decision to shutter Ravenscraig might be a result of British Steel's plans to acquire a European steel producer to expand its already considerable market presence on the Continent.

United Kingdom, Planning, Economic aspects, Steel industry, Plant shutdowns, Great Britain, British Steel PLC

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The SDR as an artificial currency unit

Article Abstract:

Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) were created by the International Monetary Fund in the 1960s as a way of improving liquidity in the global economy and of creating reserves that could be rationally controlled on an international basis. An artificial currency unit that is similar to the SDR is available to private sector companies and investors. The currency basket used to value the private SDR is the same as the one used to value the official SDR, but the valuation is continual, rather than updated once a day, and the interest rate of the private SDR is determining by a combination of the major market interest rates.

Finance, International aspects, International liquidity, Special drawing rights

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