Winners and losers in the wake of the Big Bang

Article Abstract:

The 'Big Bang' of October 1986, which deregulated London's securities market, produced winners, losers and an overcrowded market. Barclays de Zoete Wedd Ltd is the only of the big four London clearing houses to have done reasonably well since the Big Bang. National Westminster Bank PLC and Midland Bank PLC both took heavy losses in the stock market crash of October 1987, while Lloyds Merchant Bank Ltd withdrew from the competition in June 1987. The most successful securities firms were James Capel and Co, Phillips & Drew Ltd, and Hoare Govett. Other firms including Orion Royal Bank Ltd, Morgan Grenfell and Company Ltd, and Salomon Brothers Inc did not do as well and were forced to reduce their operations.

Finance, Securities industry, Deregulation, National Westminster Bank PLC (London, England), Stock Market Crash, 1987, London, Midland Bank PLC (London, England), Barclays de Zoete Wedd Securities Ltd., Lloyds Merchant Bank Ltd.

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UK biotechnology: which way forward

Article Abstract:

The British biotechnology industry is discussed. Biotechnology is a multi-disciplinary field encompassing pharmacology, veterinary medicine, agriculture, and industrial engineering. The British biotechnology industry is characterized by many small, specialized firms with links to universities. These firms receive financing from venture capitalists, public funds, and large companies such as ICI, Glaxo, and Unilever. The British biotechnology industry receives much less government support than similar industries in Japan and the US. The transition from performing laboratory research to producing commercially viable products has not yet been accomplished.

Economic development, Biotechnology

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Turning the tide of urban decay

Article Abstract:

Private industry in Great Britain is playing a greater role in the revival of run-down urban areas in England. The Confederation of British Industry has established a task force to study the underlying problems of urban decay, and Investors in Industry has established a 10 million pounds sterling fund to assist small businesses in inner city areas. The British government is encouraging partnerships between private business, local communities, and government agencies to initiate urban renewal in designated areas. Urban renewal projects in London, Liverpool, Manchester, and Birmingham, England are discussed.

Public finance, Urban renewal

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