Transport properties of anion-exchange membranes having a hydrophobic layer on their surface in electrodialysis

Article Abstract:

A layer of quaternary ammonium groups with covalently bonded hydrophobic groups has been prepared on the surface of an anion-exchange membrane with benzyl trimethylammonium groups to regulate the hydrophilicity of the membrane surface. The impact of the hydrophobic layer on the permselectivity between two anions in electrodialysis is then investigated. Results show the permeation of bromide, iodide and nitrate ions is improved on the layer formed on the desalting side. The permeation of sulfate and fluoride ions are reduced if the hydrophobicity of the layer is increased.

Research, Evaluation, Ion exchange membranes, Electrodialysis, Anion exchangers (Biology), Ion-permeable membranes

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Symmetry-based analysis of the effects of random energy disorder on the excitonic level structure of cyclic arrays: application to photosynthetic antenna complexes

Article Abstract:

An extension of the symmetry-adapted basis defect patterns (BDPs), which is used to analyze the impact of static diagonal and off-diagonal energy disorder on the excitonic structure and spectroscopic features of cyclic arrays of coupled chromophores, was introduced. This follow-up work demonstrated that the BDP approach is most applicable to weak disorder. Findings revealed that interpretation of electric field effects on the B850 and B875 absorption bands must incorporate the influences of energy disorder.

Analysis, Energy metabolism, Bioenergetics, Bacteria, Photosynthetic, Photosynthetic bacteria, Exciton theory, Excitons, Symmetry (Physics)

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