Asymmetric synthesis of arylglycines

Article Abstract:

Arylglycines, naturally rare but therapeutically vital nonproteinogenic amino acids, are obtained in chiral form either by enantiomeric resolution of racemates or by asymmetric synthesis. Racemic synthesis is usually carried out by aromatic substitution of glycinate equivalents. The d,l-mix is often resolved with the use of enzymes or by the more recent retroracemization. The most popular asymmetric synthesis methods are the Strecker route, alkylation of nucleophilicand electrophilic glycinates, electrophilic amination of enolates and nucleophilic amination of alpha-substituted acids.

Amines, Glycine

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The biocatalytic approach to the preparation of enantiomerically pure chiralbuilding blocks

Article Abstract:

The biocatalytic approach to the synthesis of optically pure chiral building blocksis reviewed. Although nature provides a vast pool of chiral building blocks, ofmore interest to the synthetic chemist is the 'nonnatural' chiral pool of structurally simple optically active compounds with one or more chirality centers. The use of enzymes with or without cofactors has now been supplementedby new protein engineering techniques, where active site modifications have ledto man-made enzymes. The most successful of these developments (those producing>95% enantiomeric excesses) are discussed.

Methods, Esterases, Hydration, Rehydration solutions, Glycosylation, Oxidation-reduction reaction, Oxidation-reduction reactions, Hydrolysis, Acylation

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Enzymatic protecting group techniques

Article Abstract:

The technique of protecting groups in preparative organic chemistry work has been vastly enhanced by the introduction of biocatalysts. These enzymes besides possessing stereodiscriminating properties, enable chemo- and regioselective transformations. Biocatalysts facilitate introduction and/or removal of protecting groups.

Germany, Statistical Data Included, Analysis, Physiological aspects, Catalysts, Chemical reactions

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