Access to bank loans in a transition economy: the case of Hungary

Article Abstract:

Small Hungarian private-sector firms whose owners had business experience or who belonged to the nomenklatura secured bank loans more easily than those whose owners were without experience or who were not former state or Communist Party officials. Firms which faced limited competition also had an easier time obtaining loans. On the other hand, bank credit was less accessible to firms which had leased their plants. These were the key findings of an examination of the access of small private firms in Hungary to bank loans.

Analysis, Private companies, Small business, Hungary

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Insider lending and bank ownership: the case of Russia

Article Abstract:

A model of insider lending in which a borrower can offer incentives to a bank manager to abuse his right of control by granting a loan at attractive rates to the borrower to the detriment of the bank's equity value is presented. It is suggested that there is evidence that Russian companies and banks were involved in insider lending based on differential loan volume.

United States, Models, Brief Article

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Tests of financial intermediation and banking reform in China

Article Abstract:

Chinese provincial statistics from 1991 to 1997 have been used to assess whether financial reforms in the mid-1990s boosted efficient intermediation by various financial institutions. It is concluded that financial reforms have not brought about an end to worsening bank performance.

Research, China, Commercial banks, Financial intermediation

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