Genetically modified organisms and trade rules: identifying important challenges for the WTO

Article Abstract:

The WTOEs highly debated decision-making procedures on market access rules based on a productEs process and production methods (PPM) are examined, by studying an import embargo and a mandatory labelling regulation for genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The analysis reveals that the WTO has a highly structured decision-making procedure in place to decide on the legitimacy of PPM-based market access barriers. The merits and shortcomings of the WTO approach are discussed and alternatives for future negotiations are suggested.

Genetically modified organisms

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International trade in transgenic food products: a new focus for agricultural trade disputes

Article Abstract:

Transgenic food products are likely to become the focus of future agricultural trade disputes between the US and the European Union (EU). In the absence of a uniform set of standards to govern the trade of genetically modified foods, divergent standards are likely to lead to trade disputes, as clashes arise over the interpretation of the provisions of the EU's Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.

Agriculture, Crop Production, Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences, Plant Genetics, Analysis, Agricultural industry, European Union, Technological innovations, Genetically modified plants, Trade negotiations

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Fairness in international trade negotiations: developing countries in the GATT and WTO

Article Abstract:

A study examines fairness in international trade negotiations under the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs and the World Trade Organization. The impact of these negotiations on the developing countries is discussed.

United States, Foreign trade, Management dynamics, Developing Countries, Management, Economic aspects, Company business management, Fair trade laws

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