Technology policy in the 1990s: old trends and new realities

Article Abstract:

The European Community (EC) needs to adjust its technology policies to take account of past failures and present realities. Market failure and interventionist policies have not dealt with institutional failure or removed the differences between countries in terms of technological development. The EC should continue to encourage basic research and support the research infrastructure but restrict its support for strategic technologies. In a world where technology is dominated by multinational companies, the EC should encourage competition as well as institutional change where appropriate.

Analysis, Science and technology policy, European Union, Technology and state, Technology policy, European Community

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Trends and motives of organizational change in Hungarian industry - a synchronic view

Article Abstract:

Industrial developments in Hungary are examined within the framework of four distinct organizational attitudes or motivations and their relationship to foreign investment. Group A firms operate under financial problems and bankruptcy threat, Group B firms are identity-based, Group C firms are market-driven, and Group D firms revolve around cultural factors. A firm's classification influences the speed of its transformation to privatization, and firms ultimately are distinguished as either reformed socialists, drifters, or mainstream capitalists.

Research, Foreign investments, Hungary, Organizational change

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The making of environmental policy in the European Council

Article Abstract:

The decision-making processes surrounding environmental Acts approved by the Council of Ministers of the European Union during 1993 and 1994 was examined. The study focuses on the role of Coreper working groups vis-a-vis the ministerial council, the use of council presidency by member states, and the significance of decision-making procedures in the council. Results show the council is significantly involved in the policy-making process. Ministers monitored closely the events that were taking place at the lower hierarchy of the council.

Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs, Environmental Programs, Western Europe, Environmental policy, European Union. Council of the European Union

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