High-frequency high-density converters for distributed power supply systems

Article Abstract:

Higher-power-density power supplies are needed for low-voltage applications in computers, telecommunications, and automotive electronics to complement the demand for denser electronics. Consequently, high-frequency switching, in the 10MHz range, is being used to increase the density in high-density converters in distributed power supply systems. Development of such converters requires consideration of: topology and parasitic elements; the electric and magnetic behavior of inductors and capacitors for energy storage; chopping and rectifying functions of semiconductor devices; achieving high control bandwidth and sensing of controlled and controlling variables; electromagnetic interference; and packaging and thermal management. Research and development in these areas is explored. The development of a 50W 3.5MHz point-of-load converter is briefly described.

Industrial research, Systems development, Research and Development, System Development, Trends, Requirements Analysis

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Small-signal modeling of pulse-width modulated switched-mode power converters

Article Abstract:

Closed loop power electronic systems must convert voltage, current, and frequency over their entire range with high efficiency, adjustable conversion ratios, and stability. Such systems may only utilize switches and magnetic structures. The analysis, design, and modeling of power systems requires a suitable model for generating transfer functions for the non-linear power stage. A small-signal ac model, based on the state-space averaging method of creating a linear system model, provides element values that are constant except when a function, in a dc-to-dc conversion system example, of a large signal dc operating point. Three small-signal canonical models for dc-to-dc converters are described: a duty-ratio programmed continuous conduction mode, a duty-ratio programmed discontinuous conduction mode, and a current-programmed continuous conduction mode.

Circuit design, Switching, Direct Current, Direct current (Electricity)

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Superconductive A/D converters

Article Abstract:

Several superconductor analog/digital (A/D) converters have been developed that offer superior bandwidth or resolution as compared to semiconductor A/D converters. The two classes of superconductor A/D converter technology are based on Josephson junctions. Counting-type Josephson A/D converters are typically used when the number of bits is equal to or greater than eight and the analog bandwidth is less than 1 GHz. Types of counting-type converters include voltage-to-frequency A/D converters and unidirectional counters, and tracking A/D converters and bidirectional counters. The second class of converters is parallel-type Josephson A/D devices that have a number of bits less than or equal to six and an input signal bandwidth greater than 1 GHz. These are divisible into periodic-threshold and fully parallel Josephson A/D converters.

Technology, Product introduction, Bandwidth, Superconducting devices, Josephson junctions, Comparison, Scientific Research, Analog to Digital Converter, New Technique, Superconductive Devices, Bandwidth Technology, Josephson Junction, technical

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