Telecommunications

Article Abstract:

Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd demonstrated an optical broad-band integrated services digital network, in which voice, video and data transmissions are divided depending upon their required bandwidth. The US Britain and France began operation of the first transatlantic fiber-optic cable, TAT-8, which can carry 40000 conversations at a time. The use of spread-spectrum communication systems will allow computers within a building to be networked via radio, a cheaper and more flexible alternative to wiring. MCI Fax is MCI Communications Corp's dedicated facsimile optical-fiber network, which can be used with nonfax devices such as a personal computer to generate and send fax messages. The seven Bell regional holding companies have begun offering gateways and other information services to consumers. Several local area networks now use radio-transmissions, a trend likely to grow. Sonet, a standard way of transmitting information over fiber, was approved by the American National Standards Institute.

Radio & TV communications equipment, Fiber optics, Communications Technology, Gateways (Interface)

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Telecommunications

Article Abstract:

Six countries deregulated their telecommunications industry in 1990 in an attempt to spur technological development, particularly mobile communications and other services based on digital transmission. ISDN was finally accepted as a worldwide standard in 1990, and the first transoceanic ISDN service was provided as narrowband ISDN crossed international boundaries. Development of erbium-doped optical amplifiers, which are less expensive and simpler for long-distance communication, led new optical-transmission technologies. The first processor based entirely on optical logic elements and parallel optical connections through free space was demonstrated in the year, marking an important step toward the first optical computer. The British government announced in Nov 1990 that it would deregulate most of its telecommunications industry; the deregulation plans of several other companies are described.

Telephone communications, exc. radio, Deregulation, Digital communications, Trends, Industry Analysis, National Government, Telecommunications Industry, Digital Communication, ISDN, ISDN (Network standards), Optical Computers, Optical Communication

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When bust is best

Article Abstract:

The testing programs at AT&T Bell Communications Research Inc (Bellcore), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) and other such laboratories often include methods for destroying computer and communications equipment. The two basic categories of destructive testing are limit testing to the failure point of the equipment to determine safety margins and the most extreme conditions under which it will function, and environmental testing under real-life conditions to determine the reliability of the equipment as it is handled roughly in transportation, installation and operation. Destructive testing is also sometimes used to duplicate conditions of past accidents in an attempt to avoid future ones. Testing procedures at Bellcore, EPRI and other labs are described, and specifications used in the testing process are discussed.

Electronic computers, Commercial nonphysical research, Research, Systems analysis, Testing, Tests, Reliability (Trustworthiness), Specifications, Electric Power Research Institute, Reliability, System Design, Failure, Methods, technical, Ruggedized Systems, Bellcore

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