Risk assessment of essential trace elements: new approaches to setting recommended dietary allowances and safety limits

Article Abstract:

It is essential to define the levels of safe and adequate intake of trace elements in human nutrition as an excess or deficiency of these elements has adverse effects on health. Cooperation among the experts in toxicology and nutrition would help in this regard, a goal set forth at the Herndon Conference in March 1992. This conference dealt with trace elements such as zinc, selenium, manganese, chromium and arsenic. Homeostasis can regulate the nutritional status of essential elements. The Recommended Dietary Allowances and oral Reference Doses of the above-mentioned trace elements are given.

Health aspects, Trace elements in nutrition, Micronutrients, Homeostasis

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Food fortification in the United States

Article Abstract:

The fortification standards for food products need to be changed. These standards were first proposed in 1974 and have remained the same. However, research since then has discovered other nutrients that may improve health in increased quantities but are not fortified. In addition, fortification has created imbalances in many nutrients. Also, the standards do not address the possibility of excessive nutrient intakes.

Breakfast cereals, Enriched foods, Grain products, Enriched cereal products

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Three decades of dietary recommendations

Article Abstract:

An overview is presented on the development of recommended daily allowances in nutrition since the early 1970s. Goals include prevention of deficiency diseases, risk reduction of diseases with etiologies which include nutrition, and prevention of physiological effects of malnutrition.

United States, Statistical Data Included, Nutrition policy

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