The Ombudsman in France

Article Abstract:

France and the United Kingdom use ombudsmen at the national legislative level and are among the largest nations with such a structure. The plan used by France was formed in 1973. It is modeled after the British plan for central administration, where complaints are given to the ombudsman by members of Parliament. France's scheme has proven more efficient than that of the United Kingdom. Primary differences in the two plans may be found in the political essence, the decentralization and the reform orientation. Unfortunately, the complaint referral structure in both France and the United Kingdom has restricted the airing of problems and cost the plan some measure of efficacy. Other national schemes, many of which followed the French plan, are addressed. Comparison is made with this type of plan and the more traditional plan used in Scandinavia. Population levels affected the type of complaint handling system. The office and organization of the mediator is highlighted. A table of complaints for France is included.

Management, France, Public administration, Organization

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On the optimal structure of government subsidies for enterprise zones and other locational development programs

Article Abstract:

A model describes the optimal structure of government-provided locational subsidies to enterprise zones which considers the fact that businesses may hold an important option of transferring their operations to other locations. This analysis recognizes that businesses may be rewarded by government locational development programs for decisions that they would have made or that would be quickly reversed. To minimize this problem, the model determines a subsidy plan that maximizes the social benefit from the operation of the firm within the zone while recognizing the switching option of firms. The optimal subsidy depends on whether the firm is originally inside or outside the zone. Upfront subsidies should never be rewarded to firms already within the area and should be timed to coincide with the benefits given to the community. Upfront and intertemporal subsidy should be given to firms not yet entering the zone.

Administration of General Economic Programs, Business Aid Programs, Models, Domestic economic assistance, Enterprise zones, Federal aid to community development, Government aid to community development, Business assistance

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Corporate ombudsman programs

Article Abstract:

Corporate ombudsman programs are implemented to deal with complaints, personal concerns, and personal queries from employees to facilitate the negotiation of positive outcomes. The advantages to the corporation include that the likelihood of whistle blowing is lessened, employees see that the firm cares about them, and ombudsman programs help avoid adverse publicity about illegal activities. A corporate ombudsman program should combine four services: an electronic mail query program, a write-in program, a drop-in or interview service, and a toll-free '800' number telephone line.

Usage, Ethical aspects, Corporations, Ethics, Business ethics, Ombudsmen

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