Atherosclerotic disease of the aortic arch as a risk factor for recurrent ischemic stroke

Article Abstract:

The presence of atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic arch in people over the age of 60 could be an indication of a high risk of stroke or other diseases caused by the blocking of blood flow by a blood clot. The aortic arch is the main blood vessel leading out of the heart. Researchers used transesophageal echocardiography on 331 people hospitalized with a stroke to detect plaques in the aortic arch. A total of 143 had no plaques, 143 had minor plaques and 45 had plaques 4 millimeters (mm) or greater. Fifty-eight percent of those with plaques 4 mm or greater were smokers, compared to 40% of those with no plaques. Over an average follow-up of 2.4 years, the incidence of a second stroke or any other vascular event such as heart attack or peripheral ischemic disease was approximately four times higher in those with plaques 4 mm or greater than in those with no plaques. Plaques 4 mm or greater were independently associated with a higher risk regardless of other underlying conditions.

Health aspects, Atherosclerosis

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The prevalence of ulcerated plaques in the aortic arch in patients with stroke

Article Abstract:

Blood clots from ulcerated plaques in the aortic arch may cause a stroke in individuals who have no other risk factors. The aorta is the major blood vessel leaving the heart; it branches into arteries that supply blood to the head. A study of autopsy samples of 183 patients who died of a stroke found that 28% had ulcerated plaques in the aortic arch. The samples were divided into those from patients whose stroke was attributed to a cause and those whose stroke was from an unknown cause. In the former group, 22% of the samples contained ulcerated aortic plaques, while in the latter group, 61% contained plaques. Of samples from 261 patients who had died of other neurological diseases, only 5% contained ulcerated aortic plaques. Ulcerated aortic plaques are associated with strokes and may play a role in strokes whose cause is unknown.

Medical examination

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Case 38-2007: a 44-year-old woman with generalized, painful, ulcerated skin lesions

Article Abstract:

The article discusses the recorded case of a 44-year-old woman suffering from generalized, ulcerated skin lesions.

United States, Care and treatment, Diagnosis, Complications and side effects, Skin, Dosage and administration, Dermatitis, Immunosuppressive agents, Case study

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