CD4 decline and incidence of opportunistic infections in Cape Town, South Africa: Implications for prophylaxis and treatment

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to determine the rate of CD4 decline and the incidence of opportunistic infections (OIs) among antiretroviral therapy-naive South African HIV-infected patients and inform timing of OI prophylaxis. CD4 cell count declines were dependent on CD4 strata and could inform timing of clinic visits and treatment initiation in South Africa and incidence rates of OIs suggest that targeted OI prophylaxis could prevent substantial HIV-related morbidity in South Africa.

Health aspects, HIV infection, Drug therapy, HIV infections, Dosage and administration, Antiviral agents, Antiretroviral agents, Prophylaxis

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Cost-effectiveness of an intervention to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients

Article Abstract:

An analysis was carried out to assess the cost-effectiveness of a nursing intervention on antiretroviral adherence using data from a randomized controlled clinical trial as input to a computer-based simulation model of HIV disease. The findings reveal that adherence interventions with modest effectiveness are likely to provide long-term survival benefit to patients and to be cost-effective compared with other uses of HIV care funds.

Analysis, Economic aspects, Patient compliance, AIDS (Disease), Highly active antiretroviral therapy

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The Costs, Clinical Benefits, and Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for Cervical Cancer in HIV-infected Women

Article Abstract:

The optimal method of cervical cancer screening in HIV-infected women may be an annual Pap test after two negative test results at six-month intervals. Researchers compared the costs, diagnostic sensitivity, and the potential survival benefits of various cervical screening protocols. Annual colposcopic examination was expensive, and did not improve survival.

United States, Evaluation, Diagnosis, Cervical cancer, HIV patients, Medical screening, Health screening, Pap test

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