CMV-antigenemia in peripheral blood for the diagnosis of CMV disease in HIV-infected patients

Article Abstract:

Detection of cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigens in the blood appears to be an effective means of diagnosing CMV disease in HIV-infected patients. CMV antigens are immunologically reactive pieces of the virus, and their presence in the blood is referred to as antigenemia. Researchers examined 144 HIV-infected volunteers for CMV disease and used antibodies to determine if the CMV antigen pp65 was present in their blood cells. Of 48 blood samples from volunteers with clinically diagnosed CMV disease, 43 had detectable CMV antigens. Of 194 samples from volunteers without CMV disease, 179 had no detectable CMV antigens. Thus, the antigenemia test was 90% sensitive, and 93% specific. Exclusion of volunteers with successfully treated CMV disease did not significantly alter the findings.

Evaluation, Diagnosis, Cytomegalovirus infections, Blood, Blood chemical analysis, Viral antigens, Immunodiagnosis

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Influence of HIV epidemic on the incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in Zambian children

Article Abstract:

The incidence of Kaposi's sarcoma in Zambian children has increased dramatically since 1981. Researchers reviewed the records of all pediatric KS cases seen at Zambia's University Teaching Hospital since 1981. In that period, the hospital recorded 85 pediatric KS cases. There were no cases in 1981, but the number of cases gradually increased, especially after 1987. Before 1986, pediatric KS represented six percent of all childhood cancers on average. Between 1987 and 1992, it averaged 19% of all childhood cancers. More than half of the children with KS were less than five years old. In almost 79% of the cases, the primary lesion was in the lymph nodes. The average survival following diagnosis was 13 weeks.

Health aspects, Demographic aspects, Kaposi's sarcoma, Zambia

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A population-based study determining the incidence of tuberculosis attributable to HIV infection

Article Abstract:

The authors determined that HIV-infection is a major contributing risk to the current TB epidemic. They found that the rate of TB among the non-HIV-infected population was 13.9 cases per 100,000 people and 198.1 per 100,00 among HIV-positive people, which amounted to 6.4% of all TB cases.

Statistical Data Included, Risk factors, Tuberculosis

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