Clearance of HIV infection in a perinatally infected infant

Article Abstract:

A five-year-old boy appears to be free of HIV infection even though he had been infected at birth. He was born to a woman who tested positive for HIV when she was four months pregnant. Nineteen days after birth, he tested positive for HIV on ELISA and Western blot tests. Physicians also detected the virus in blood samples using the polymerase chain reaction. The boy tested positive 33 and 51 days after birth, but by the time he was 12 months old, all of the tests were negative. He continued to test negative at each annual examination. Sequencing of viral DNA in blood samples taken at 19 and 51 days indicates that the two viral isolates were essentially the same. It is unlikely that the samples were contaminated by some other source. The boy's viral strain was also very closely related to the strain infecting his mother, another indication that the infection was transmitted during delivery. He shows no symptoms of HIV infection, but the virus may lie dormant in his brain or lymph nodes.

Maternal-fetal exchange

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Long-term course of neonatal diabetes

Article Abstract:

Diabetes in newborns progresses in different ways from insulin dependent diabetes in that it may be temporary or permanent or recur later in life. Researchers treated two brothers and studied medical records of 57 children who developed diabetes in the first three months of life. Of 20 newborns who had temporary diabetes, many were small at birth and three had nervous system problems. Of 13 newborns who had diabetes that went into remission but later returned, all were small at birth. Among 18 patients who had permanent diabetes, many were small at birth and developed mental retardation. Infants with Wolcott-Rallison syndrome were more likely to have permanent or recurrent diabetes, various health problems, and poor survival. Diabetes in newborns may be caused by genetic factors and slow fetal development.

Care and treatment, Juvenile diabetes, Diabetes in children

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GB virus C and mortality from HIV infection

Article Abstract:

HIV patients who are infected with GB virus C have a better prognosis than other HIV patients but the reason for this is not clear. The virus may inhibit HIV replication but until more research is done, it would be premature to use GB virus C therapeutically for HIV infection.

Editorial, Research, Hepatitis G virus, GB hepatitis agents, Comorbidity

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