Clearing tracheobronchial secretions using suction

Article Abstract:

Nurses use artificial methods to remove secretions from a patient's airways when problems prevent the patient from performing this natural task themselves. Regular removal of secretions will enable the lungs to continue their blood oxygenation function. One common technique is oral or nasal suction. This technique involves the insertion of a catheter into the pharynx which stimulates coughing and allows suction to remove the secretions. The intervention is uncomfortable, very risky, and requires sound nursing judgement concerning its usage.

Usage, Lung diseases, Obstructive, Chronic obstructive lung disease, Respiratory insufficiency, Airway (Medicine), Airway, Suction (Medical care), Suction

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Using airway pressure

Article Abstract:

Supplemental oxygen can be given through a face mask or nasal cannulae to most patients, but some patients require the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). CPAP can help those with acute hypoxaemia, those with basal lung collapse and those with fluid overload leading to pulmonary oedema. Application of CPAP requires a calm and compassionate approach as patients will already be suffering significant dyspnoea. Maintenance of CPAP also involves a continuing partnership between patient and nurse.

Methods, Positive pressure respiration

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The management of fluid balance

Article Abstract:

Nurses should always be aware of the need to monitor fluid balance in their patients, especially in vulnerable patient groups, such as the elderly. Assessing fluid balance requires detailed physical examination, knowledge of the patient's history, interpretation of laboratory information and clinical observation. Clinical situations which are linked with fluid balance disturbances include heart failure, surgery, pregnancy, brain injury and fever. The most effective way to replace fluids is orally.

Body fluid disorders

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