Childhood immunizations

Article Abstract:

Childhood immunization against infectious diseases is one of the most effective, cost-efficient tools of modern medicine. US incidence of such diseases as diptheria, measles, and mumps has been reduced by as much as 97%, largely due to the success of school immunization efforts. Despite their common usage, misconceptions about when to avoid vaccines persist. Generally, vaccination should only be delayed if the person is moderately to severely sick, has previously had a life-threatening reaction to the vaccine or is very sensitive to a constituent of the vaccine. Also, live-virus vaccines should usually not be given to pregnant women or immunosuppressed patients. Following the measles outbreaks in 1985 and 1986, reimmunization of children before they enter elementary or junior high school is now recommended. Other recommendations include childhood immunization against hepatitis B.

Health aspects, Evaluation, Children, Vaccines, Immunization of children, Immunization

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Superior pulmonary sulcus tumors and Pancoast's syndrome

Article Abstract:

The symptoms of Pancoast's syndrome are most often caused by a lung tumor, but as they are seen individually in many other diseases, correct diagnosis is frequently delayed. The syndrome includes shoulder and arm pain, Horner's syndrome indicated by a drooping eyelid and unequal pupils, and hand weakness. X-ray and computed tomography scans identify and localize the tumor while needle biopsy completes the diagnosis. Radiation and surgical resection of the tumor are the most common treatments, yielding a five-year survival rate of 20-35%.

Care and treatment, Analysis, Lung tumors, Horner's syndrome

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