Laser treatment of cutaneous vascular lesions

Article Abstract:

Lasers (intense sources of sharply focused light energy) are used to treat several types of disfiguring vascular abnormalities that mar the skin. These include port-wine stains, congenital malformations that are usually light pink and flat at birth but become darker and thicker with age; telangiectases, acquired dilatations of small blood vessels near the skin's surface; and hemangiomas, lesions formed by densely packed capillaries. Laser treatment of port-wine stains was formerly carried out using the argon laser, but this instrument can produce scarring and pigmentation changes in nearby skin areas, particularly in younger patients. Pulsed-dye lasers, which emit light at a wavelength comparable to the optical absorption peak of hemoglobin (577 or 585 nanometers), have been effective in many cases. In one study of 35 children, an average of 6.5 treatments led to total clearing of the lesions in 94 percent of the cases. In two cases, superficial scarring occurred, but only after the treated area was traumatized soon after treatment. The copper vapor laser produces light pulses at a wavelength of 578 nanometers and causes less scarring and fewer pigment changes than the argon laser. Telangiectases have been effectively treated with the argon laser, the continuous-wave dye laser, the pulsed dye laser, and the copper vapor laser. Capillary hemangiomas can be effectively treated with the pulsed dye laser or the argon laser, but deep, cavernous hemangiomas (which may occur in organs) are difficult to treat. The Nd:YAG (neodymium, yttrium, aluminum, garnet) laser has been used in these cases. In general, the laser is effective for treating some kinds of skin conditions caused by abnormal cutaneous blood vessels. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Health aspects, Care and treatment, Evaluation, Hemangioma, Lasers in medicine, Medical lasers, Port-wine stain

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Drugs for treatment of peptic ulcers

Article Abstract:

A combination drug regimen is recommended for treating peptic ulcers caused by the bacilli Helicobacter pylori. A number of antibacterial drugs are used for H. pylori infections, including bismuth subsalicylate, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin. H2-receptor blockers or proton pump inhibitors are usually taken with one or more antibacterial agents to eradicate the infection. In view of adverse drug effects, patient characteristics and individual drug resistance patterns should govern the selection of multiple drugs in each case. Patients may tolerate shorter regimens better than longer ones.

Usage, Drug therapy, Helicobacter pylori, Drug therapy, Combination, Combination drug therapy, Peptic ulcer

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