Maltose-induced hyponatremia

Article Abstract:

A 43-year-old women developed severe hyponatremia as a result of maltose intoxication. Hyponatremia is a deficiency of sodium in the blood, or salt depletion. The patient developed severe hyponatremia after being infused with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) in a 10% solution of maltose. She was being administered IVIG for treatment of thrombocytopenia, or decreased blood levels of platelets, and was also suffering from persistent kidney failure. She had undergone a liver transplant two months earlier. Her blood levels of sodium decreased after her first treatment with IVIG and after each of the four subsequent treatments. Maltose is a sugar that is normally metabolized by the gastrointestinal tract when ingested orally. Intravenous maltose is metabolized by a enzyme found in the kidneys. Patients with impaired kidney function may be unable to metabolize large amounts of maltose.

Physiological aspects, Sugars, Carbohydrates

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Hypernatremia in hospitalized patients

Article Abstract:

High concentrations of sodium in the blood may not be treated promptly in hospitalized patients who receive fluids intravenously. Researchers analyzed the occurrence of hypernatremia, or high blood levels of sodium, among patients at a large urban medical-surgical hospital. Out of 103 total patients, 18 had hypernatremia at hospital admission, while the other 85 became hypernatremic during their hospitalization, an incidence of 1%. Patients who developed hypernatremia while in the hospital did not receive sufficient or prompt treatment for the condition. The development of hypernatremia before hospitalization was associated with old age. Hospitals should develop better systems to prevent hypernatremia in the first place, and to identify and treat it when it occurs.

Care and treatment, Hypernatremia

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Postoperative hyponatremia despite near-isotonic saline infusion: a phenomenon of desalination

Article Abstract:

The loss of sodium seen in patients after some surgeries apparently occurs through the urine. Blood levels of sodium were measured before and 24 hours after surgery in 22 female surgical patients who were given normal saline during surgery. Urine levels of sodium were measured during the 24 hours after surgery. Measured blood sodium levels significantly dropped one day after surgery among 21 of the 22 patients. All of the patients had increased urine sodium levels following surgery.

Health aspects, Complications and side effects, Surgery, Postoperative complications, Physiologic salines, Saline solution

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