Perinatal outcome in relation to second-stage duration

Article Abstract:

Newborns subjected to a prolonged second stage of labor may not experience more complications or death due to lack of oxygen. The second stage of labor begins when the mother's cervix is fully dilated and she tries to push the baby through the birth canal. Researchers retrospectively analyzed the cases of 6,041 women having their first baby weighing 2500 grams or more. Eleven percent experienced second stages of three hours or more, and 2.7% of second stages lasted more than five hours. None of the infants died during the second stage of labor, but one experienced permanent nerve damage caused by lack of oxygen. Physicians may allow women to experience longer second stages of labor before intervening without compromising their infants.

Physiological aspects, Labor (Obstetrics)

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In pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus and intensive therapy, perinatal outcome is worse in small-for-gestational-age newborns

Article Abstract:

The fetuses of pregnant women with gestational diabetes who are small-for-gestational-age (SGA) may have a higher risk of birth complications than other fetuses. Researchers evaluated birth outcomes in 821 pregnant women with gestational diabetes who were receiving intensive therapy to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Seven percent of the newborn infants were SGA and 8% were large-for-gestational-age (LGA). SGA infants were more likely to have low Apgar scores at birth, hypoglycemia and other adverse outcomes compared to LGA infants and normal-size infants.

Complications and side effects, Body size, Body weights and measures, Diabetes in pregnancy, Gestational diabetes

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Perinatal correlates and neonatal outcomes of small for gestational age infants born at term gestation

Article Abstract:

Newborn babies who are small for their gestational age have a higher risk of low body temperature and low blood sugar but otherwise have a good prognosis. This was the conclusion of a study of 372 small for gestational age babies.

Fetus, Fetal growth retardation, Birth weight, Birth size

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