Promotion of sleep by targeting the orexin system in rats, dogs and humans

Article Abstract:

The analysis has shown that orexin, [OX.sub.1]/[OX.sub.2], receptor antagonists that passes the blood-brain barrier has caused somnolence in rats, dogs and humans when given during the active phase of their circadian cycle. Orexins have played a central role in regulating sleep-wake cycles and hence a wide range of sleep disorders might result from maladaptive orexinergic tone or disturbed circadian orexin release.

China, Europe, Blood-brain barrier, Antagonists (Biochemistry)

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TLR-dependent and TLR-independent pathways of type I interferon induction in systemic autoimmunity

Article Abstract:

A two-phase paradigm of autoimmunity associated with systemic lupus erythamatosus, the archrtypal autoimmune disease is formulated. The results show that both the phases depend on elaboration of type I interferons (IFNs), and therapeutic interruption of induction or activity of these cytokines in predisposed individuals might have substantial mitigation effect in lupus and other autoimmune diseases.

Science & research, Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing, Biological products exc. diagnostic, Interferon, Autoimmune diseases, Systemic lupus erythematosus

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Changing the dosing schedule minimizes the disruptive effects of interferon on clock function

Article Abstract:

The impact drugs may have on the biological circadian rhythms and the importance of establishing proper dosage schedules to prevent adverse drug effects are examined, focusing on an experiment that demonstrates the disruptive effect of interferon on such biological processes as body temperature and clock-gene mRNA expression.

Japan, Statistical Data Included, Drugs, Complications and side effects, Adverse drug reactions

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