Role of ploidy, chromosome 1p, and Schwann cells in the maturation of neuroblastoma

Article Abstract:

The Schwann cells in a differentiating neuroblastoma probably did not originate in the tumor and may play a role in the maturation of the tumor. Neuroblastoma is the most common nervous system tumor in children and may be benign or malignant. Researchers analyzed the chromosomes and DNA content of 20 neuroblastoma tissue samples. Fifteen samples were of intermediate maturation and five were well-matured. In 18 of the samples, the neuronal and ganglionic cells had three copies of many chromosomes and one sample had five copies. But the Schwann cells had normal numbers of most chromosomes. This would not be the case if the Schwann cells had originated in the tumor. The neuronal and ganglionic cells also had little evidence of chromosome deletions in chromosome 1, which is a sign of a poor prognosis. A plausible hypothesis for the maturation of neuroblastoma is that the neuroblastoma cells secrete a chemical that attracts Schwann cells. The Schwann cells in turn secrete chemicals that promote maturation of the tumor.

Genetic aspects, Schwann cells, Neuroblastoma

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The therapeutic potential of fetal and neonatal hematopoietic stem cells

Article Abstract:

Ethical questions arise in the context of handling the supply and demand of prenatal or neonatal tissue transplantation. Placental blood should not be subject to commercial interest as is being planned in the US. Cord blood from unrelated donors constitutes an alternative to the practice of having a close relative donate bone marrow cells. Although two 1996 studies successfully restored the immune system in utero and in a newborn with paternal bone marrow injections, the early procedure increases the risk of miscarriage and is not applicable to the majority of hereditary disorders.

Editorial, Supply and demand, Physiological aspects, Ethical aspects, Fetal blood, Hematopoietic stem cells, Organ transplantation, Pediatric surgery, Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc. in children, Tissue banks

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Nilotinib in imatinib-resistant CML and Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL

Article Abstract:

A study was designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of nilotinib, a new, orally active, aminopyrimidine-derivative tyrosine kinase inhibitor that is more potent against chronic myeloid luekemia (CML) cells in vitro than is imatinib. Nilotinib has a relatively favorable safety profile, and preliminary results obtained with a relatively short follow-up period indicate that the drug is active in CML.

Health aspects, Drug therapy, Chronic myeloid leukemia, Tyrosine

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