Severe complications of measles requiring intensive care in infants and young children

Article Abstract:

Measles may cause life-threatening complications in children. Researchers examined medical records of 237 children younger than 18 who were admitted to an Israeli hospital during a measles epidemic. Some segments of the population served by this hospital were not adequately immunized. Fifteen (6.3%) hospitalized patients required admission to intensive care for pneumonia with severe respiratory failure. Ten had serious secondary infections; seven had neurologic symptoms. Eleven were malnourished and none were immunized. Four patients died, of whom three were malnourished. Among survivors, one had chronic lung disease, two had a foot partially amputated because a clot cut off circulation, and one had a stroke but eventually recovered most of his functioning.

Health aspects, Services, Patient outcomes, Mortality, Complications and side effects, Measles, Malnutrition in children, Child malnutrition, Pediatric intensive care, Critically ill children

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Epidemiology, etiology, and clinical features of septic arthritis in children younger than 24 months

Article Abstract:

Confirmed septic arthritis in children under two years old may present as mild, localized illness. Septic arthritis is a type of arthritis that is caused by a bacterial infection in joints. Researchers reviewed the charts of 40 Israeli children diagnosed with septic arthritis who were less than 24 months old. This incidence of 37.1 per 100,000 people is much higher than that found in other studies. Forty-eight percent of the children were infected with the bacterium Kingella kingae and 20% were infected with Haemophilus influenzae type b. No child was infected Staphylococcus aureus, which is a common cause of septic arthritis in children older than two years. Kingella kingae was not isolated from blood samples in any child.

Arthritis, Infectious, Infectious arthritis

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Cerebrospinal fluid findings in children with Lyme disease-associated facial nerve palsy

Article Abstract:

Facial nerve palsy in children may indicate Lyme disease in areas where the infection is endemic. Lyme disease is spread by ticks and can produce pain, flu-like, and neurologic symptoms. Doctors treated 40 children with facial paralysis and Lyme disease in an endemic region in New York State. Almost 70% of the children had elevated white cell or protein levels in their cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and 90% of children had these or other abnormalities indicative of central nervous system activity by the Lyme organism. In endemic areas, CSF analysis may be superior to blood tests for Lyme disease.

Lyme disease, Cerebrospinal fluid, Paralysis, Facial, Facial paralysis

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