The hazards of passive - and active - smoking

Article Abstract:

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, or passive smoking, increases the risk of different respiratory diseases. A research study measured urinary levels of cotinine, a metabolic product of nicotine, in children with asthma. The severity of asthma attacks increased with the level of exposure to cigarette smoke. Urinary cotinine levels are a biological marker for exposure to cigarette smoke. Use of a biological marker enabled measurement of a specific dose and response. Passive smoking increases the risk of lung cancer in adults. It is difficult to use biological markers to quantify the increased risk of lung cancer caused by passive smoking. There is usually a lag time of many years between exposure to a carcinogen and the diagnosis of cancer. It should not be overlooked that cigarette smoking itself increases the risk of developing different types of cancer significantly.

Editorial, Environmental aspects, Asthma in children, Childhood asthma, Passive smoking

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Cigarette advertising and magazine coverage of the hazards of smoking: a statistical analysis

Article Abstract:

Magazines that accept cigarette advertisements may be reluctant to publish articles on the hazards of smoking. This could mislead the public into underestimating the adverse effects of smoking on health. A survey of articles on the risks of smoking published in 99 US magazines from 1959 to 1969 and 1973 to 1986 found that magazines that did not advertise cigarettes were 40% more likely to publish articles on the risks of smoking than those that did. Publishers of women's magazines seemed to be even more sensitive to the influence of advertisers. Women's magazines that did not advertise cigarettes were more than twice as likely to publish articles on the risks of smoking than those that did. Every one percent increase in cigarette ads' share of advertising revenues decreased the probability that women's magazines would publish articles on the risks of smoking by 1.9%.

Advertising, Surveys, Periodical publishing, Cigarettes

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EFfect of smoking status on the long-term outcome after successful percutaneous coronary revascularization

Article Abstract:

Patients with coronary artery disease who have angioplasty to open up clogged arteries should also consider quitting smoking. Researchers analyzed death rates and the rate of heart attacks in 5,450 patients who had angioplasty at the Mayo Clinic between 1979 and 1995. Death rates and the rate of heart attack following angioplasty were greater among the 734 smokers than in the 2,009 non-smokers and the 435 people who quit smoking after the angioplasty procedure. This was true even though the smokers were younger as a group than the non-smokers.

Patient outcomes, Mortality, Cardiac patients, Transluminal angioplasty, Balloon angioplasty

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