Environmental tobacco smoke and middle ear disease in preschool-age children

Article Abstract:

Exposure to tobacco smoke appears to increase the risk of persistent middle ear infections in preschool-age children. Researchers surveyed the parents of 625 young children in Canada, and found that 24% of the children had a history of middle ear disease. Children living in households with two or more smokers were 85% more likely to have had middle ear infections than those living in nonsmoking homes. Levels of cotinine, a metabolite of nicotine, were higher in hair samples from children in smoking households.

Risk factors, Otitis media

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Breast-feeding and Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Article Abstract:

Breastfeeding by mothers who smoke increases the nicotine exposure of the infants. Researchers measured urinary cotinine levels -- a metabolite of nicotine -- in 507 infants. Breast-fed infants of smoking mothers had five times higher levels of urinary cotinine than non-breast-fed infants whose mothers smoked, and cotinine levels were higher in infants of smoking mothers than non-smoking mothers.

United States, Statistical Data Included, Complications and side effects, Smoking, Breast feeding

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