Biliary tract cancers

Article Abstract:

New treatments and preventive methods will be needed to reduce the impact of biliary tract cancer. The biliary tract runs from the liver and gallbladder down to the duodenum. Surgery is the only effective treatment for biliary tract cancer. People with certain risk factors for biliary tract cancer should be screened on a regular basis. Risk factors include gallstones, cysts, Salmonella typhi infection, inflammation of the gallbladder, liver flukes, and familial adenomatosis polyposis. New screening tests are under development. Immunotherapy and angiogenesis inhibitors may be beneficial.

Care and treatment, Biliary tract diseases, Gallbladder cancer

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Trefoil peptides in the defense of the gastrointestinal tract

Article Abstract:

Animal research has revealed that proteins in the gastrointestinal tract called trefoil peptides may play a role in maintaining the function of the intestines. These peptides were so named because they fold into a shape resembling a three-leaf clover, which makes them resistant to digestive enzymes. The absence of intestinal trefoil factor in mice produces a condition similar to colitis. Another factor called pS2 appears to control cell growth and may lead to cancer if missing.

Physiological aspects, Peptide regulatory factors, Intestinal mucosa

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