Grievance initiation: a literature survey and suggestions for future research

Article Abstract:

The correlates of grievance initiation are described within the context of categories of relevant factors suggested by the literature. The categories include environmental, management, union, union-management interaction, and employee factors. In the environmental category, the literature indicates that technology effects provide substantial promise for the explanation of grievances. Several important correlates of grievance activity are described in each of the other categories. Suggested methodological improvements for future research include expanded sets of control variables, multiple industry data sets, greater attention to grievance types, and the use of causal analytical techniques in longitudinal studies. Future research should provide a better understanding of the effects of several variables, including technology, methods of grievance resolution, work-group cohesion, and fair representation requirements. It should also identify relationships that are specific to different issues. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Collective labor agreements, Grievance procedures

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Political instrumentality perceptions and desires for union representation

Article Abstract:

This paper examines the concept of union instrumentality in light of theoretical literature and contemporary trends in union political activity. A broad concept of union instrumentality, including a place for the concept of union political instrumentality (e.g., union influence on general elections or legislation), is suggested. The practical importance and applicability of the political instrumentality concept is demonstrated in empirical models of nonunion worker voting intent in union representation elections. As predicted, workers perceiving higher levels of union political instrumentality are significantly more likely than others to indicate a pro-union voting intent. Given the importance of political versus economic activity as a defining characteristic of labor movements and given recent increases in political activity by U.S. unions, these results have significant implications for the way we think about U.S. unions and for future union organizing and political activities. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Political aspects

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Gender differences in union membership, preferences, and beliefs

Article Abstract:

Although women constitute a smaller percentage of union membership, the combination of the increase in the number of women in the workforce and the decline in unionization in U.S. labor markets could make the recruitment of women by unions the key to their success in the future. The potential effects of increased participation in unions by women are described emphasizing four categories: membership status; pro-union voting intentions; the level of confidence in union leaders; and perceptions of union instrumentality. It is shown that gender has little bearing on differences in the four areas.

Social aspects, Usage, Labor relations, Sex differences

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