The impact of deregulation on labor demand in Class-1 railroads

Article Abstract:

This paper examines the impact of the Staggers Rail Act of 1980 on labor demand in Class-1 railroads during 1961-1990. The demand for labor is a function of output, hourly wages, a time trend, and a vector of interactive dummy variables. Since deregulation, the labor demand curve has shifted downward; wage elasticities have become more elastic, ranging from -0.668 in 1980 to -1.187 in 1990; output elasticities trended upward from 0.557 to 0.809; and the marginal product of labor rose from 3.421 to 5.296 during 1980-1990. These findings suggest that unions' bargaining power has declined, that the total wage bill is likely to decrease if the real wage rate rises further, and that cost savings and efficiency gains are realized through increases in the marginal product of labor. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Rail Transportation, Railroads, Class 1 Railroads, Research, Employment, Labor market, Deregulation

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Marginal revenue and labor strife in major league baseball

Article Abstract:

An improved model of baseball player performance and revenue generation shows that, overall, major league players are paid more than the marginal revenue they generate from spectators at the ballpark. Broadcast revenue is shown to be a factor in player salaries, although this revenue is not sensitive to individual player output. Under the current collective bargaining procedure, collective action in baseball is therefore viewed as the only way to entice owners to pay players for the broadcast revenue they generate. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Sports Teams and Clubs, Sports clubs, managers, & promoters, Professional Baseball, Economic aspects, Compensation and benefits, Labor relations, Television broadcasting of sports, Sports television programs, Baseball players, Baseball (Professional)

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