Unemployment, union density, and wages

Article Abstract:

We investigate, both theoretically and empirically, whether long-run industry unemployment rates modify the wage impact of union density on the earnings of members. Our theory suggests that the density effect increases as unemployment increases. Our empirical estimates use wage equations exclusive and inclusive of unemployment and of the interactive effect of unemployment and density in influencing wages. Based on a 1985 sample of manufacturing production workers, our findings indicate that the wage effect of union density for union workers as usually measured is only 41 percent as large as the effect when unemployment is in the model. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Unemployment, Wages, Wages and salaries

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The impact of part-time employment on union density

Article Abstract:

Because part-time employees are less likely to be unionized than full-timers, increases in part-time employment may lower unionization rates. However, the size of the reduction, after controlling for other factors, has not been estimated. My results obtained from a probit analysis indicate that part-time status has a small, but significant, negative effect on the probability that a worker is a union member. Not surprisingly, as the working hours of part-time employees decrease, the negative effect increases. The results of this analysis also show that the negative effect of part-time variables had decreased between 1973 and 1989.(Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Part-time employment, Part time employment

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Right-to-work laws and union density: new evidence from micro data

Article Abstract:

Although union density is much lower in Right-to-Work (RTW) states than in states permitting union shops, most studies have found after correcting for omitted-variable and simultaneity biases, RTW laws do not have independent impact on union density. However, these studies typically use data sets which include certain government, agricultural, supervisory and transportation workers who are not subject to RTW legislation thus diluting the effect of RTW laws. When these employees are excluded from the data set, we find that RTW laws do significantly affect union density in the private sector. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Laws, regulations and rules, Right to work (Labor unions), Right to work laws

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