European Communities - exercise of membership rights in the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization - legal effect of agreements between institutions of the Communities - obligation to cooperate

Article Abstract:

A 1996 European Court of Justice (ECJ) decision holds that EC members can exercise their membership rights in international organizations. Although the specific case involves the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, joint membership of EC members is a unresolved issue. While some procedures exist to accomodate EC members who also belong to international organizations, the best solution would be the establishment of a Treaty provision on joint membership.

Membership, International organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, international

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European Convention on Human Rights - absolute prohibition of torture - assessment of real risk of being subjected to torture abroad - effective national remedy in deportation proceedings involving national security

Article Abstract:

The European Court of Human Rights ruled in Nov 1996 that a Sikh activist who resided in the UK could not be deported because the activist risked torture in India. The Court also found the UK had failed to provide the activist with effective remedy guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights. A person at risk can be deported to a protective third country if national security is at stake.

Remedies, Human rights, Deportation

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Statute of the international criminal court - constitutionality in France - rights of the accused - immunity of government officials - prosecutor's investigatory powers - mnesty and statute of limitations - essential conditions of national sovereignty

Article Abstract:

The author examines the French constitutional court's decision regarding the International Criminal Court statute and its impact on French constitutional law, sovereignty, and various rights.

France, Interpretation and construction, Laws, regulations and rules, Constitutional law, Constitutional interpretation, Powers and duties, Public prosecutors, Amnesty, Diplomatic privileges and immunities, Sovereignty, Diplomatic immunity

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