Bystanders as opinion makers: a bottoms-up perspective

Article Abstract:

American bystanders come from all sections of society and all political parties take cognizance of the political power of these bystanders in altering the direction of political thought from the bottom to the top echelons of power. Bystanders define the area and content of political issues, influence governmental budgets and legislation and are the major breeding grounds for the development of long-term public opinion. Public opinion needs a change over from the top-down approach to a bottom-up policy, wherein policy decisions are debated and decided by the bystanders.

Political aspects, Public opinion

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Harming the non-conscious

Article Abstract:

It is a mistake to think that since existence can be, of itself, bad for a being only if that being is conscious, the being can be harmed only if it is conscious. Its being harmed implies that the being could have been conscious. The arguments of Peter Singer, author of 'Practical Ethics,' about the harm that can or cannot be done to a fetus and at what stage are discussed.

United Kingdom, Care and treatment, Fetus, Ethical aspects, Works, Bioethics, Consciousness, Singer, Peter (British judge)

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The patent wars

Article Abstract:

It is argued that the demise of the Cold War has made way for a new 'patent war', evident in international trade conflict.

Patents

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