The democratic political economy of progressive income taxation

Article Abstract:

Both left and right political parties are biased towards the adoption of progressive income taxation schemes rather than regressive income tax policies. An equilibrium concept for political games is introduced to explain this. It was shown that the two parties represent the relatively poor voter and rich voters of society. Each party is composed of three factions that include reformists, militants and opportunities. Assuming that most voters have income less than mean income, the nash equilibria that will be reduced by both parties is one that supports progressive income taxation.

Public Finance Activities, Personal Income Taxes, Economic aspects, Laws, regulations and rules, Political aspects, Tax research, Taxation, Income tax, Personal income tax, Progressive taxation

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Nonparametric tests of stochastic dominance in income distributions

Article Abstract:

The model for studying the relationship of income, wealth and earnings distributions was improved by using nonparametric methods of comparing distributions directly, without the need for the formulation of generalized Lorenz curves. This innovation allows the study of specific aspects in terms of their original distribution that is unaffected by the transformations usually done on the data. Distributional differences are evaluated using the Pearson goodness of fit test.

Economics, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities, Models, Evaluation, Wealth, Income, Transformations (Mathematics)

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A dynamic stochastic model of medical care use and work absence

Article Abstract:

A dynamic stochastic model was formulated to assess the medical care consumption and absenteeism decisions of employees with acute illness. The model permits forecasting of probabilities concerning availment of treatment, work absenteeism and daily recovery from illness. It was established that dynamic results related to treatment and absence decisions affect the attitude of individuals during an illnes episode.

Health Care, Health Care and Social Assistance, HEALTH SERVICES, Direct Health and Medical Insurance Carriers, Hospital and medical service plans, Medical Care Insurance, Usage, Medical economics, Medical care, Stochastic analysis, Health insurance, Medical care, Cost of, Health care costs

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