Japanese management progress: mobility into middle management

Article Abstract:

Management development systems in the leading Japanese corporations have produced executives and managers who are commonly acknowledged to be among the best in the world. How these systems operate is not well understood. In this investigation of the 13-year career progress and current middle-management situation of 71 college graduates who entered a leading Japanese corporation at the same time, university quality, nature of first job assignment, quality of early dyadic exchange treatment from immediate superiors, and early job performance evaluations by immediate superiors were used to predict management progress at 13 years. Two different models of career mobility were investigated: an early competition (first 3 years) and a later competition (7 years) model. Results generally supported the early competition model suggested by an earlier 7-year study, but notable differences from this earlier investigation were found. In addition, assessments of the current middle-management leadership situation, not included in the 7-year study also were found to be predictable by the early (first 3 years) model. Implications of these results are discussed. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Japan, Training, Corporations, Management training, Corporations, Japanese

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In the valley of the shadow

Article Abstract:

Sagan miraculously overcame a rare disease that affected his blood cells, and which required a bone-marrow transplant. His sister became the donor and, despite a 30% chance of success, he survived. Sagan credits his near-death experience with transforming his life in positive ways.

Psychological aspects, Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, Astronomers, Sagan, Carl, Near-death experiences

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Guideline no. 2/CEAL/2005

Article Abstract:

The Electoral Affairs Commission of the Legislative Assembly that have issued various guidelines for election process in Macao Special Administrative Region and their contents are given based on articles of March 5 election law no. 3/2001.

Macao, Interpretation and construction, Political aspects, Election law

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