Industry efforts advance

Article Abstract:

Industries are cooperating fully with international efforts to prevent the depletion of the ozone layer. The Society of the Plastics Industry, American Telephone & Telegraph Co, Motorola Inc and Hughes Aircraft Co have committed themselves to halting the production and use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Meanwhile, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are being used to replace CFCs. HCFCs are less stable, break down more easily and thereby cause less damage to the ozone layer. However, scientists have recommended the withdrawal of HCFCs as well because of their damaging potential. Halons have also been recommended for withdrawal, although no substitutes have yet been found.

Interpretation and construction, Laws, regulations and rules, Environmental policy, Industry, Industries, Environmental law

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Vast area at risk

Article Abstract:

In Oct 1990, scientists discovered that the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica had dispersed. Depletion of the ozone layer was discovered over most of North America, Europe, the Soviet Union, Australia, New Zealand, and a large portion of Latin America. Meanwhile, the US and other countries responsible for most of the production and consumption of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) speeded up the withdrawal of CFCs from the market. The US has agreed to stop producing CFCs by Dec 31, 1995. Other laws have been implemented to either stop the production of CFCs or devise means to recycle them or render them harmless.

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First signs of trouble

Article Abstract:

Scientists in the early 1970s began research on chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and discovered the harm they caused to the ozone layer. The first significant findings on the depletion of the ozone layer by chlorine released by NASA rockets in the stratosphere were made in 1974. Scientists also discovered that, because of their stability, CFCs did not break down despite solar radiation and precipitation. Attempts by CFC producers to block the publication of these findings were thwarted and in 1976, national research institutes confirmed the harm CFCs caused in the atmosphere.

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