Help and you shall be helped

Article Abstract:

Cooperation and mutual aid were thought to require close kinship, in relation to the evolution of moral systems, but Nowak and Sigmund have presented a new mathematical model showing that cooperation can be established even if recipients do not return help to their helper. Two organisms are assumed not to interact twice, excluding direct reciprocity. The effect of natural selection on a population incorporating various stages of discrimination were simulated, and it was found that the cooperative strategy discriminating the most, is often the winner.

Research, Usage, Mathematical models, Reciprocity theorems

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Socio-biographical antecedents of intercultural effectiveness: the neglected factors

Article Abstract:

Increasingly, manny organizations are becoming international, with a diverse workforce from many different cultural backgrounds. Intercultural effectiveness is seen as an essential skill for expatriate managers. The argument that the socio-biographical background of expatriates from different ethical and national cultures is a significant factor in determining their intercultural effectivenss is presented.

Demographic aspects, Executives

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Nature's sternest painter

Article Abstract:

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Artists, Canadian, Animal painters, Canadian artists, Loates, Glen

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