Oxygen-sensitive ion channels

Article Abstract:

Evidence from studies indicate that oxygen levels can regulate ion channels without involving a decrease in the level of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) causing periods of hypoxia or ischemia. In the studies, tissue types of carotid body and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle were used due to their contractility. Results showed that hypoxia and ischemia can cause opening of ATP-sensitive K+ channels. The theory involved in the hypoxia-altered channel activity was redox modulation. Also, it was discovered that hypoxia could inhibit calcium channels in carotid body cells.

Physiological aspects, Oxygen, Calcium channels, Hypoxia, Anoxia, Potassium channels, Ischemia, Oxygen in the body

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The transmitter-gated channels: a range of receptor types and structures

Article Abstract:

Transmitter- or ligand-gated channels belong to a class of transducing receptors that have two or more membrane-inserted segment in each subunit. They are also called intracellular transmitters because of their ability to reversibly activate their own receptors. They are further subdivided into nine superfamilies based on receptor type. Two groups of receptors are related to epithelial sodium channels, two groups are related to voltage-gated cation channels and one group is related to inward rectifier potassium channels.

Neurotransmitters

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Block and modulation of cardiac Na+ channels by antiarrhythmic drugs, neurotransmitters and hormones

Article Abstract:

The administration of antiarrhythmic drugs for cardiac arrhythmia must be reevaluated to include the findings of studies on the effects of antiarrhythmic drugs on the Na+ channel. Studies in molecular biology and electrophysiology show that antiarrhythmic drugs can fatally modulate and block the function and structure of Na+ channels. The treatment of cardiac arrhythmia and pharmacological strategies will have to be revised to include new findings in ion conduction, tetrodotoxin sensitivity and inactivation gating.

Care and treatment, Usage, Drugs, Dosage and administration, Arrhythmia, Structure-activity relationships (Pharmacology), Pharmaceutical research, Anti-arrhythmia drugs, Antiarrhythmia agents

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