Federalism and the Euro-polity

Article Abstract:

Alexis de Tocqueville believed that the same rules do not bring the same results when placed into different social structures and mores. All political actors may be able to make reasoned decisions alone and collaboratively, but this only happens in different historical contexts and with different aspirations. This belief is particularly clear in Tocqueville's handling of federalism. He did not see federalism as a viable solution to the problems of political order in Europe. He believed that federalism and its link with democracy in large-scale units needed stateness and nationhood, neither of which are present in the case of the Euro-polity.

Europe, Federalism

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The judiciary and the rule of law

Article Abstract:

Alexis de Tocqueville's writing about the US Supreme Court provides a complex explanation for the unusual combination of many and effective rights, strong courts and an almost invisible state. He found it very strange that judges were obeyed even when they went against the preferences and policies of public officials. His most significant insight was that citizenship in the US was not 'granted' by the state but was the attribute of independent people regarded as having rights before or superior to the state. He saw the US as a historically unique democratic society, rather than a democratic regime or state.

Democracy

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Do economists know best?

Article Abstract:

The insulation of economic policy makers from politics leads to a decrease in the possible impact of correct economic policies on democratic institutions. Democracy can degenerate to thinly veiled authoritarianism when ambitious leaders take advantage of societal tensions. The gradual erosion of freedom and democratic processes by the enemies of democracy, more dangerous than coup de etats or civil wars, should be detected in time and reversed through international efforts.

Economic policy

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