Neurotrophic factors in action - new dogs and new tricks

Article Abstract:

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factors (GDNF) promote the survival of motor-neurons that contain dopamine and noradrenaline. The c-Ret signaling partner of the neurotrophin is dependent to the binding of GNDF to a Ralpha GNDF auxilliary-binding protein that is connected by glycosylphosphatidylinositol to the membrane of the superior cervical ganglion (SCG). Furthermore, the survival of SCG in cell cultures was reduced by the addition of neurotrophic growth factors (NGF) which activates the p75 NGF low-affinity receptor.

Analysis, Growth factors, Ganglia, Neurotrophins, Neurotropin

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Beyond the neuronal circuitry

Article Abstract:

It was not until the 1920s when major glial populations, such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells and microglial cells, were recognized. New techniques demonstrated that glial cells possess highly complex functions to detect and process signals. Glial cells communicate via gap junctions and not via chemical synapses. Further studies are recommended on how glial cells can control their environment and how they might influence neurons.

Neurophysiology

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An old friend in a new home: cadherins at the synapse

Article Abstract:

Cadherins are cell adhesion proteins that were localized in the neuronal synapses of vertebrates. Research on neural synapses also indicated the presence of cadherins in adherence-type cell junctions that were located near the synaptic release sites. However, mutations in the cadherin protein did not alter laminar migration and neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, the cell adhesion protein mediated synaptic plasticity and cellular growth.

Cell adhesion molecules, Cell interaction, Cell interactions

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