The social psychology of false confessions: compliance, internalization, and confabulation

Article Abstract:

False incriminating evidence leads to confession and the internalization of guilt for a crime that an accused never committed. To examine the effect, subjects in a fast-paced or slow-paced reaction time task were falsely accused of destroying a computer program by pressing the wrong key. Four variables, slow-pace/fast-pace and no-witness/witness were used. In the fast-pace/witness group 100% of the subjects confessed, 65% internalized guilt and 35% confabulated. However, in the slow-pace/no-witness group 34.78% confessed but no one confabulated or internalized guilt.

Psychological aspects, Influence, Evidence, Criminal, Criminal evidence, Confession, Internalization

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On the psychology of ampliative inference

Article Abstract:

In an irregularly partitioned wheel of fortune the probability distribution representing fair odds on the three sectors can only be deduced by ampliative inference since the standard probability principle will not suffice. Ampliative inference is exemplified by maximum entropy or MAXENT. MINDEV is another model which considers the coefficient of squared deviation in characterizing human reasoning by several domains. The latter is the preferred model whch can be used in simulating reasoning and adapting it to artificial intelligence systems.

Models, Analysis, Human information processing, Inference

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Reflections on affirmative action goals in psychology admissions

Article Abstract:

Affirmative action in higher education has been a traditional source of conflict due to incompatible goals of developing a society with rewards for individual merit regardless of race or gender and of affirmative action policies that condition such merits in demographic terms. This conflict is reflected in affirmative action programs and graduate admissions decisions. Such programs follow goals of past justice compensation, correction of present inequities, academic diversity and academic minority role models.

Demographic aspects, Graduate students, Affirmative action, Reverse discrimination in education, Reverse educational discrimination

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