Themes, taxons, and trial types in children's matching to sample: methodological considerations

Article Abstract:

Young children are more likely to relate objects thematically than taxonomically, as borne out by the results of five experiments wherein preschool children were asked to match pictures of common objects. A trial consisted of a sample and two comparison pictures, with the sample related to one thematically and to the other taxonomically. In all the five experiments, children more frequently selected the taxonomic comparisons, regardless of age, gender, instructions, nonspecific performance feedback, order of the trial types, the presence of a third comparison unrelated to the sample and whether the level of taxonomy was superordinate or basic.

Psychological aspects, Children

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Young children's organizational strategies on a same-different task: a microgenetic study and a training study

Article Abstract:

Four-year-olds generally behave in a strategic way when asked to decide whether two sets of toys are the same or different, according to research into the ontogeny of organizational strategies on a same-different task. Microgenetic analyses showed a developmental sequence in children's behaviour, with shifts from no/other strategy to laying aside and from laying aside to matching. This research also highlighted the initial variability in the strategic behaviour of individual children undergoing transitional stages.

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