Indian art objects as loot

Article Abstract:

Sacred Indian images found in present-day museums are often revered for their intrinsic qualities. However, their extrinsic value are also significant in the study of Asian art history. Few scholars consider the semiological meanings of these art objects. Looted from their original locations, they symbolized power to the medieval Indian leaders who took them away and subservience of the previous owners to the new conquerors. Thus, the images were preserved not so much for their religious significance but for their political function.

Analysis, Crimes against, Political aspects, Art, Native American art, Art objects, Idols and images, Images (Religious objects)

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Nineteenth-Century Indian education: Universalism versus evolutionism

Article Abstract:

Americans built an extensive Indian school system in the final 20 years of the 19th century. They aimed to indoctrinate Indian children in white ways, and eradicate native tribal cultures. Two schools pioneered the cause of Indian education, Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute and Carlisle Indian Industrial School, sharing much in common, but displaying significant disagreements.

Education, Native Americans, 19th century AD, Native American education

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"A symbol of freedom": The Indian flag and the transformations of Nationalism, 1906 - 2002

Article Abstract:

A journey with the Indian flag across different spaces and times from its initial emergence in imperial consolidation, its appearance in the Second International Socialist Conference in Stuttgart and its return to India is described. The different attempts made to produce the flag as a national symbol rather than the way in which the symbolic effect was received are discussed.

India, All Other Miscellaneous Textile Product Mills, Flags & Banners, Fabricated textile products, not elsewhere classified, History, Flags, Indian history, Emblems, National, National emblems

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