Applying the two-resistance theory to contaminant volatilization in showers

Article Abstract:

The two-resistance theory was used to study the water-to-air transfer of volatile contaminants in showers. Two transient mass balance models were developed and applied to the research. Shower systems exhibited different liquid-phase and gas-phase coefficients, but the flow rate of the water seemed to increase both coefficients. The findings indicated that the type of showerhead had a substantial effect on mass transfer. The presence of a person in the shower did not appear to affect mass transfer.

Models, Contamination, Organic water pollutants, Organic water pollution, Showers (Baths), Showers (Plumbing fixtures), Chemical resistance

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Three-compartment model for contaminant accumulation by semipermeable membrane devices

Article Abstract:

An improved three-compartment model incorporating both aqueous film and polymer film mass transfer proves useful in the accumulation of contaminants by semipermeable membrane devices. The model is able to describe aqueous film control of the whole device for moderate to high KOW compounds. However, it would be difficult to determine accurately the dissolved concentrations of hydrophobic organic contaminants in water due to the ability to control the aqueous film thickness and biofouling.

Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences, Plastics Material and Resin Manufacturing, Plastics materials and resins, Water Pollution Control R&D, Polyethylene, Water pollution, Water pollution research

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Transport of subsurface contaminants into buildings: an exposure pathway for volatile organics

Article Abstract:

Order-of-magnitude estimates of the hazardous intensification in volatile organic compounds in buildings near contaminated sites are presented. Current understanding of radon transport, an evaluation of various sources of subsurface contamination and simple transport models are used to provide first-order estimates of indoor contamination levels. Urgent attention to this exposure pathway is suggested in light of sufficiently high predicted risks.

Analysis, Environmental aspects, Buildings, Risk communication

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